Stability training and Physical Therapy
Stability is the neuromuscular systems robustness to small perturbation and its ability to maintain a certain level of balance. This can be trained in a static and dynamic fashion and both are important in the context of rehab helping individuals return to functional activities and preventing falls in the future.
Based on stability assessments, we can start to put a stability program together to address deficits within the stability system. Now, what does a stability program typically look like?
First, let’s talk about what controls our stability system. When we consider balance, there are 3 systems that manage it - visual system, vestibular system and lastly proprioceptive system (sensory receptors). As we age, all of these systems will slowly degrade but we can slow the progression just like anything in the body with appropriate intervention. The balance system is closely related to the stability system. Stability is everything that was mentioned about the balance system in addition to our ability to react - specifically using our fast twitch, type 2 muscle fibers. We need our fast twitch fibers to respond to our body falling outside of our base of support or handling perturbations from our external environment.
So, back to what a typical stability program, we will implement static holds in different development positions on altered surfaces and with eyes open/closed and progress to more dynamic movements. Once an individual has started to master that we will implement perturbations and other variables that are specific to an individuals goal promote carryover into their day-to-day life.
Now, why is this so important? Here are a few facts from the CDC website:
About 36 million falls are reported among older adults each year—resulting in more than 32,000 deaths.
Each year, about 3 million older adults are treated in emergency departments for a fall injury.
One out of every five falls causes an injury, such as broken bones or a head injury.
Each year at least 300,000 older people are hospitalized for hip fractures.
More than 95% of hip fractures are caused by falling—usually by falling sideways.
Women fall more often than men and account for three-quarters of all hip fractures.
This is why stability training is so important and we can help you stay on your feet long-term. Set up a discovery to talk with a Doctor of Physical Therapy to see if we are a good fit for you!
Resource: https://www.cdc.gov/injury/features/older-adult-falls/index.html
